Comparative efficacy of amphotericin B-loaded chitosan nanoparticles and free amphotericin B drug against Leishmania tropica

Abstract Background The preparation of an effective drug delivery formulation is urgent need to treat cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Pentavalent antimonials and Amphotericin B (AmB) are considered leishmaniasis; however, their clinical usage hampered by poor solubility, high cost, toxicity, the emergence drug-resistant Leishmania spp. systems (DDS) could be used as alternative treatment option for CL circumvent these problems. We tested antileishmanial efficacies free AmB amphotericin B-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (AmB-CNPs) under in vitro conditions. Results Chitosan (CNPs) were synthesized using ionic gelation method with negatively charged tripolyphosphate (TPP). During synthesis CNPs, was incorporated into (NPs). NPs characterized size, surface morphology, encapsulation efficacy (EE), loading content (DLC), charge different techniques. Their evaluated against promastigotes axenic amastigotes forms tropica MTT assay. AmB-CNPs displayed a spherical shape mean particle size 118 nm, positive zeta potential (+ 6.21 ± 2.02 mV), 88%. Dynamic light scattering technique (DLS) shows that average prepared 95.5 nm. Free presented very low (only 65% 67% inhibition parasite load), whereas exhibited 90% 84% after 72 h incubation. significantly higher than terms reduction viability. Half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) measured values significant lowers AmB. Conclusions present data indicated vigorous anti-leishmanial activity dose time-dependent manner. This can local therapy vivo conformational studies.